Answer: Xerarch primary succession.
- A Secondary succession
- B Hydrarch primary succession
- C Retrogressive succession
- D Xerarch primary succession
Correct answer: D. Xerarch primary succession
Explanation: Primary succession on a dry bare surface such as rock is xerarch, and lichens that can grow there first are the pioneer community.
Energy pyramid showing a simple food chain (producer to herbivore to carnivore) with energy decreasing roughly tenfold at each trophic level.
Concept context
Ecosystems, food chains, energy flow, nutrient cycles, biodiversity, and conservation.