Answer: Velocity is maximum, acceleration is zero.
- A Velocity is maximum, acceleration is zero
- B Velocity is zero, acceleration is maximum
- C Both velocity and acceleration are maximum
- D Both are zero
Correct answer: A. Velocity is maximum, acceleration is zero
Explanation: At equilibrium (x = 0): v = Aω (maximum), a = -ω²x = 0. At extremes (x = A): v = 0, a = Aω² (maximum).
In SHM, displacement and velocity are 90° out of phase (v is maximum when x=0, and zero when x is extreme), while acceleration is always exactly opposite in sign to displacement, consistent with a = −ω²x.
Concept context
Simple harmonic motion, spring-mass, pendulum, energy in SHM, and resonance.