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⚛️ Physics  ·  Oscillations  ·  NEET & JEE

At the equilibrium position of a body in SHM:

Answer: Velocity is maximum, acceleration is zero.

  • A Velocity is maximum, acceleration is zero
  • B Velocity is zero, acceleration is maximum
  • C Both velocity and acceleration are maximum
  • D Both are zero

Correct answer: A. Velocity is maximum, acceleration is zero

Explanation: At equilibrium (x = 0): v = Aω (maximum), a = -ω²x = 0. At extremes (x = A): v = 0, a = Aω² (maximum).

Displacement, Velocity, Acceleration in SHMx(t)v(t)a(t)v leads x by 90°; a is exactly out of phase with x (a = −ω²x)

In SHM, displacement and velocity are 90° out of phase (v is maximum when x=0, and zero when x is extreme), while acceleration is always exactly opposite in sign to displacement, consistent with a = −ω²x.

Concept context

Simple harmonic motion, spring-mass, pendulum, energy in SHM, and resonance.

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