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⚛️ Physics  ·  Oscillations  ·  NEET & JEE

A particle oscillates between x = -5 cm and x = +5 cm. Its amplitude and equilibrium position are:

Answer: A = 5 cm, x eq = 0.

  • A A = 5 cm, x<sub>eq</sub> = 0
  • B A = 10 cm, x<sub>eq</sub> = 0
  • C A = 5 cm, x<sub>eq</sub> = 5 cm
  • D A = 2.5 cm, x<sub>eq</sub> = 0

Correct answer: A. A = 5 cm, x<sub>eq</sub> = 0

Explanation: Amplitude = half the range = (5-(-5))/2 = 5 cm. Equilibrium is at the midpoint = 0.

Displacement, Velocity, Acceleration in SHMx(t)v(t)a(t)v leads x by 90°; a is exactly out of phase with x (a = −ω²x)

In SHM, displacement and velocity are 90° out of phase (v is maximum when x=0, and zero when x is extreme), while acceleration is always exactly opposite in sign to displacement, consistent with a = −ω²x.

Concept context

Simple harmonic motion, spring-mass, pendulum, energy in SHM, and resonance.

Read the full Oscillations notes →