Zaymiey

🧪 Chemistry  ·  Haloalkanes & Haloarenes  ·  NEET & JEE

Which of the following best explains why vinyl chloride (CH<sub>2</sub>=CHCl) is much less reactive than ethyl chloride (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>Cl) toward SN2 reactions?

Answer: Vinyl C-Cl bond has partial double-bond character due to resonance; the Cl lone pair delocalises into the ring making the bond shorter and stronger.

  • A Vinyl C-Cl bond has partial double-bond character due to resonance; the Cl lone pair delocalises into the ring making the bond shorter and stronger
  • B Vinyl chloride generally happens to possess a noticeably higher overall molar mass than ethyl chloride does according to standard textbooks in general practice
  • C Vinyl chloride happens to exist as an ordinary liquid rather than as a gas under normal room conditions as frequently described in most textbook accounts
  • D The chlorine atom in vinyl chloride is in fact attached at a secondary rather than primary carbon position during normal conditions as generally observed

Correct answer: A. Vinyl C-Cl bond has partial double-bond character due to resonance; the Cl lone pair delocalises into the ring making the bond shorter and stronger

Explanation: In vinyl chloride, the lone pairs on Cl overlap with the pi system; the C-Cl bond has some double-bond character, making it shorter and stronger, and very resistant to nucleophilic attack.

SN2: one stepNu-CX-backside attackNuC+ X-Inversion of configuration(Walden inversion)SN1: two stepsCX-slow: leaving group exits+CcarbocationNu-Planar intermediate givesracemisation (both faces attacked)

SN2 proceeds in a single step with backside attack and inversion of configuration, while SN1 forms a planar carbocation intermediate first, leading to racemisation.

Concept context

Study carbon-halogen compounds: how they are made, how they react via SN1/SN2 and elimination, their stereochemistry, and their environmental impact.

Read the full Haloalkanes & Haloarenes notes →