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🧪 Chemistry  ·  Coordination Compounds  ·  NEET & JEE

The pi-backbonding (back-donation) in metal carbonyl complexes: CO donates sigma electrons to the metal, and the metal:

Answer: Donates electron density from filled d orbitals back into the CO pi* orbital (backbonding), strengthening M-C and weakening C-O.

  • A Donates electron density from filled d orbitals back into the CO pi* orbital (backbonding), strengthening M-C and weakening C-O
  • B Instead generally accepts additional pi electron density directly back from the filled CO pi orbital in routine practice overall
  • C Transfers most of its electrons to the CO ligand mainly through an ionic electron-transfer mechanism in most cases under typical conditions
  • D Forms highly no pi-type interaction with CO, relying mainly on simple sigma bonding according to standard textbooks in general practice

Correct answer: A. Donates electron density from filled d orbitals back into the CO pi* orbital (backbonding), strengthening M-C and weakening C-O

Explanation: Metal-CO: CO sigma-donates to M, and M pi-backdonates from filled d orbitals into CO pi*; this strengthens M-C bond and weakens C-O (IR shows lower C-O stretch vs free CO).

Octahedralcoordination no. 6e.g. [Co(NH3)6]3+Tetrahedralcoordination no. 4e.g. [Ni(CO)4]Square Planarcoordination no. 4e.g. [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]

The three common coordination geometries: octahedral (6 ligands), tetrahedral (4 ligands), and square planar (4 ligands in one plane).

Concept context

Study of compounds where a central metal atom is bonded to surrounding ligands. Covers nomenclature, types of isomerism, bonding theories (VBT, CFT), and applications in medicine, photography, and industry.

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