Answer: Total internal reflection.
- A Refraction according to standard textbooks
- B Dispersion in general practice
- C Total internal reflection
- D Diffraction as frequently described
Correct answer: C. Total internal reflection
Explanation: Optical fibre uses total internal reflection to transmit light signals along its length with minimal loss.

Concave mirror ray construction: a ray parallel to the axis reflects through F, and a ray through F reflects parallel, locating the inverted real image. Image: Maxmath12, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons.
Concept context
Reflection, refraction, lenses, mirrors, total internal reflection.