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⚛️ Physics  ·  Mechanical Properties of Fluids  ·  NEET & JEE

Water flows out of a small hole in a tank at a depth of 5 m below the surface (g = 10 m/s²). The efflux speed is:

Answer: 10 m/s.

  • A 5 m/s
  • B 10 m/s
  • C 20 m/s
  • D 7 m/s

Correct answer: B. 10 m/s

Explanation: By Torricelli theorem, v = √(2gh) = √(2·10·5) = 10 m/s.

Continuity Equation: Narrow Pipe → Faster FlowA₁, v₁ (wide, slow)A₂, v₂ (narrow, fast)A₁v₁ = A₂v₂ (continuity)Smaller area → higher speed → (by Bernoulli) LOWER pressure

Since the same volume of fluid must pass every cross-section per second (continuity), the fluid speeds up where the pipe narrows; Bernoulli's equation then says this faster-moving fluid has lower pressure - the principle behind a venturi meter and an aircraft wing's lift.

Concept context

Pressure, buoyancy, Bernoulli equation, viscosity, and surface tension.

Read the full Mechanical Properties of Fluids notes →