Answer: Torricelli's theorem.
- A Torricelli's theorem
- B Bernoulli's principle
- C Pascal's law
- D Archimedes' principle
Correct answer: A. Torricelli's theorem
Explanation: Torricelli's theorem: v = √(2gh). The efflux velocity is determined solely by the depth h of the hole below the free surface, regardless of tank shape or size.
Since the same volume of fluid must pass every cross-section per second (continuity), the fluid speeds up where the pipe narrows; Bernoulli's equation then says this faster-moving fluid has lower pressure - the principle behind a venturi meter and an aircraft wing's lift.
Concept context
Pressure, buoyancy, Bernoulli equation, viscosity, and surface tension.