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⚛️ Physics  ·  Mechanical Properties of Fluids  ·  NEET & JEE

A steel ball (density 7800 kg/m³) falls in water. As it reaches terminal velocity, the viscous drag force equals:

Answer: Weight - Buoyant force (net weight in fluid).

  • A Weight - Buoyant force (net weight in fluid)
  • B The full weight of the ball measured in air
  • C Zero, since the ball is still accelerating at terminal velocity
  • D The buoyant force alone, ignoring the ball's actual weight

Correct answer: A. Weight - Buoyant force (net weight in fluid)

Explanation: At terminal velocity, acceleration = 0. Net upward force = 0. Drag + Buoyancy = Weight. So Drag = Weight - Buoyancy (apparent weight in fluid).

Continuity Equation: Narrow Pipe → Faster FlowA₁, v₁ (wide, slow)A₂, v₂ (narrow, fast)A₁v₁ = A₂v₂ (continuity)Smaller area → higher speed → (by Bernoulli) LOWER pressure

Since the same volume of fluid must pass every cross-section per second (continuity), the fluid speeds up where the pipe narrows; Bernoulli's equation then says this faster-moving fluid has lower pressure - the principle behind a venturi meter and an aircraft wing's lift.

Concept context

Pressure, buoyancy, Bernoulli equation, viscosity, and surface tension.

Read the full Mechanical Properties of Fluids notes →