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⚛️ Physics  ·  Gravitation  ·  NEET & JEE

The orbital period of a satellite skimming very close to a planet's surface depends only on the planet's:

Answer: density.

  • A mass
  • B density
  • C radius
  • D temperature

Correct answer: B. density

Explanation: For a surface-grazing orbit T = √(3π/Gρ), which depends only on the mean density ρ of the planet.

Variation of g with Height and Depthgg_surfaceAbove surface: g ∝ 1/r² (falls off curving down)Below surface: g ∝ r (falls off LINEARLY)Earth's surface (r = R)centre (r=0): g=0g is MAXIMUM exactly at the surface - it decreases in both directions, but by different laws

g is maximum at Earth's surface; going up, it falls off as 1/r² (inverse-square); going down, it falls off linearly with depth (since only the mass enclosed within radius r contributes), reaching zero at the centre.

Concept context

Universal gravitation, orbital mechanics, gravitational potential, and escape velocity.

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