Zaymiey

⚛️ Physics  ·  Alternating Current  ·  NEET & JEE

The average power dissipated in a full cycle by an ideal inductor or capacitor is:

Answer: Zero (energy just oscillates).

  • A Zero (energy just oscillates)
  • B Maximum at resonance
  • C Proportional to reactance
  • D Equal to apparent power

Correct answer: A. Zero (energy just oscillates)

Explanation: Ideal L and C store and return energy each half-cycle. Net energy dissipated per full cycle = 0. This is why power factor = 0 for pure L or C.

V and I Phase Relationships in AC CircuitsPure Inductor: I lags V by 90°VIPure Capacitor: I leads V by 90°VIMemory aid "ELI the ICE man": in an inductor (L) E(V) leads I; in a capacitor (C) I leads E(V)For a pure resistor, V and I stay perfectly in phase (no lag or lead at all)

In a pure inductor the current lags the voltage by 90° (energy is briefly stored in the magnetic field before current responds); in a pure capacitor the current leads the voltage by 90° (current must flow to build up charge before voltage rises) - the mnemonic "ELI the ICE man" keeps these straight.

Concept context

AC circuits, impedance, LCR series circuit, resonance, transformers, and power factor.

Read the full Alternating Current notes →