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⚛️ Physics  ·  Alternating Current  ·  NEET & JEE

Long-distance power transmission uses high voltage because:

Answer: Power loss P = I²R decreases when voltage is stepped up and current is stepped down.

  • A Power loss P = I²R decreases when voltage is stepped up and current is stepped down
  • B Higher voltage transmission is inherently safer for line workers according to conventional understanding
  • C Higher voltage transmission requires fewer step-up transformers overall in routine practice
  • D Transmission cables can be made thinner generally by raising the voltage overall

Correct answer: A. Power loss P = I²R decreases when voltage is stepped up and current is stepped down

Explanation: For a given power P = VI, increasing V reduces I. Power loss in wires = I²R, so reducing I dramatically reduces transmission losses.

V and I Phase Relationships in AC CircuitsPure Inductor: I lags V by 90°VIPure Capacitor: I leads V by 90°VIMemory aid "ELI the ICE man": in an inductor (L) E(V) leads I; in a capacitor (C) I leads E(V)For a pure resistor, V and I stay perfectly in phase (no lag or lead at all)

In a pure inductor the current lags the voltage by 90° (energy is briefly stored in the magnetic field before current responds); in a pure capacitor the current leads the voltage by 90° (current must flow to build up charge before voltage rises) - the mnemonic "ELI the ICE man" keeps these straight.

Concept context

AC circuits, impedance, LCR series circuit, resonance, transformers, and power factor.

Read the full Alternating Current notes →