Answer: lags the voltage by 90°.
- A leads the voltage by 90°
- B lags the voltage by 90°
- C is in phase with the voltage
- D lags by 45°
Correct answer: B. lags the voltage by 90°
Explanation: In a pure inductor the current lags the applied voltage by 90°.
In a pure inductor the current lags the voltage by 90° (energy is briefly stored in the magnetic field before current responds); in a pure capacitor the current leads the voltage by 90° (current must flow to build up charge before voltage rises) - the mnemonic "ELI the ICE man" keeps these straight.
Concept context
AC circuits, impedance, LCR series circuit, resonance, transformers, and power factor.