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⚛️ Physics  ·  Alternating Current  ·  NEET & JEE

Impedance of a capacitor C at frequency f:

Answer: 1/(2pi f C).

  • A f C
  • B 2pi f C
  • C 1/(2pi f C)
  • D C/f

Correct answer: C. 1/(2pi f C)

Explanation: Capacitive reactance Xc = 1/(2 pi f C) = 1/(omega C). Impedance of pure capacitor = Xc.

V and I Phase Relationships in AC CircuitsPure Inductor: I lags V by 90°VIPure Capacitor: I leads V by 90°VIMemory aid "ELI the ICE man": in an inductor (L) E(V) leads I; in a capacitor (C) I leads E(V)For a pure resistor, V and I stay perfectly in phase (no lag or lead at all)

In a pure inductor the current lags the voltage by 90° (energy is briefly stored in the magnetic field before current responds); in a pure capacitor the current leads the voltage by 90° (current must flow to build up charge before voltage rises) - the mnemonic "ELI the ICE man" keeps these straight.

Concept context

AC circuits, impedance, LCR series circuit, resonance, transformers, and power factor.

Read the full Alternating Current notes →