Zaymiey

⚛️ Physics  ·  Alternating Current  ·  NEET & JEE

An LCR series circuit has R=10, L=0.1 H, C=100 microF, f=50 Hz. Impedance:

Answer: 17.6 ohm.

  • A 10 ohm
  • B 17.6 ohm
  • C 31.4 ohm
  • D 41.5 ohm

Correct answer: B. 17.6 ohm

Explanation: XL = 2 pi x 50 x 0.1 = 31.4 ohm. XC = 1/(2pi x 50 x 10<sup>-4</sup>) = 31.8 ohm. Z = sqrt(100 + (31.4-31.8)<sup>2</sup>) = sqrt(100 + 0.16) = approx 10.008 ohm. Basically 10 ohm at near-resonance.

V and I Phase Relationships in AC CircuitsPure Inductor: I lags V by 90°VIPure Capacitor: I leads V by 90°VIMemory aid "ELI the ICE man": in an inductor (L) E(V) leads I; in a capacitor (C) I leads E(V)For a pure resistor, V and I stay perfectly in phase (no lag or lead at all)

In a pure inductor the current lags the voltage by 90° (energy is briefly stored in the magnetic field before current responds); in a pure capacitor the current leads the voltage by 90° (current must flow to build up charge before voltage rises) - the mnemonic "ELI the ICE man" keeps these straight.

Concept context

AC circuits, impedance, LCR series circuit, resonance, transformers, and power factor.

Read the full Alternating Current notes →