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⚛️ Physics  ·  Alternating Current  ·  NEET & JEE

A transformer has 200 primary turns and 2000 secondary turns. Input voltage 220 V, efficiency 100%. Input current if output current is 2 A:

Answer: 20 A.

  • A 0.2 A
  • B 2 A
  • C 20 A
  • D 200 A

Correct answer: C. 20 A

Explanation: Turns ratio = 10, so voltage ratio = 10: Vs = 2200 V. Power: Vp x Ip = Vs x Is = 2200 x 2 = 4400. Ip = 4400/220 = 20 A.

V and I Phase Relationships in AC CircuitsPure Inductor: I lags V by 90°VIPure Capacitor: I leads V by 90°VIMemory aid "ELI the ICE man": in an inductor (L) E(V) leads I; in a capacitor (C) I leads E(V)For a pure resistor, V and I stay perfectly in phase (no lag or lead at all)

In a pure inductor the current lags the voltage by 90° (energy is briefly stored in the magnetic field before current responds); in a pure capacitor the current leads the voltage by 90° (current must flow to build up charge before voltage rises) - the mnemonic "ELI the ICE man" keeps these straight.

Concept context

AC circuits, impedance, LCR series circuit, resonance, transformers, and power factor.

Read the full Alternating Current notes →