Zaymiey

🧪 Chemistry  ·  Hydrogen  ·  NEET & JEE

Reactions using deuterium generally proceed more slowly than with ordinary hydrogen because:

Answer: D–X bonds have lower zero-point energy and break slower.

  • A Deuterium has a smaller atomic radius than protium
  • B D–X bonds have lower zero-point energy and break slower
  • C Deuterium compounds are ionic, not covalent
  • D Deuterium is far more electronegative than protium

Correct answer: B. D–X bonds have lower zero-point energy and break slower

Explanation: Heavier deuterium gives a lower zero-point vibrational energy, so the D–X bond is effectively stronger and harder to break, slowing reactions in which that bond is broken (kinetic isotope effect).

Hydrogen Bonding Network in WaterOHHOHHOHHOHHDashed green lines = hydrogen bonds (weaker than O-H covalent bonds)

Each water molecule's O-H bonds (covalent, solid) can hydrogen-bond (dashed) to neighbouring molecules, forming an extended network responsible for water's unusually high boiling point and density anomaly.

Concept context

The simplest and most abundant element in the universe. Study its unique position in the periodic table, isotopes (protium, deuterium, tritium), properties of water and hydrogen peroxide, and industrial uses.

Read the full Hydrogen notes →