Answer: Chloroform and KOH.
- A Chloroform and KOH
- B NaOH mainly as widely reported
- C HCl mainly in standard practice
- D Br<sub>2</sub> water under most conditions encountered
Correct answer: A. Chloroform and KOH
Explanation: The carbylamine reaction uses chloroform and alcoholic KOH; primary amines give foul-smelling isocyanides.
In aniline, the nitrogen's lone pair is pulled into the benzene ring through resonance, leaving less electron density available to accept a proton - which is why aniline is a much weaker base than methylamine, where the lone pair is fully available.
Concept context
Nitrogen-containing organic compounds. Covers classification (primary, secondary, tertiary), basicity comparison, preparation methods, and reactions including diazotization and coupling, key for understanding dyes and pharmaceuticals.