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🔬 Biology  ·  Breathing and Exchange of Gases  ·  NEET

During inhalation, the diaphragm:

Answer: contracts and flattens.

  • A contracts and flattens
  • B relaxes and domes up
  • C disappears entirely
  • D stops all movement

Correct answer: A. contracts and flattens

Explanation: The diaphragm flattens on contraction, enlarging the chest cavity to draw air in.

O₂-Haemoglobin Dissociation CurvepO₂% Hb saturatedresting curveshifted RIGHT (Bohr effect:↑CO₂, ↑H⁺, ↑temperature)Sigmoid shape = cooperative binding; right-shift means O₂ is released more easily in active tissue

The S-shaped (sigmoid) curve reflects cooperative binding between Hb's four O₂ sites; the Bohr effect shifts the whole curve to the right under conditions found in actively respiring tissue (more CO₂, more acid, more heat), making haemoglobin release oxygen more readily exactly where it's needed.

Concept context

The mechanics of breathing, lung volumes, gas transport in blood, the Bohr effect, and respiratory regulation.

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