Answer: Above about 1000 daltons.
- A Below about 18 daltons
- B Of roughly 100 daltons
- C Above about 1000 daltons
- D Of exactly 342 daltons
Correct answer: C. Above about 1000 daltons
Explanation: Macromolecules (proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides) have molecular weights above ~1000 Da and form the acid-insoluble fraction; small molecules stay acid-soluble.
As substrate concentration rises, reaction rate increases steeply at first, then plateaus at Vmax once every enzyme molecule is working at full capacity; Km is the substrate concentration giving half-maximal rate, and a LOWER Km means the enzyme reaches that rate with less substrate (higher affinity).
Concept context
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and enzyme kinetics. Essential foundation for understanding metabolism.