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⚛️ Physics  ·  Waves  ·  NEET & JEE

In the Doppler effect, when source moves toward stationary observer:

Answer: f obs = fv/(v-v s ).

  • A f<sub>obs</sub> = f(v-v<sub>s</sub>)/v
  • B f<sub>obs</sub> = f(v+v<sub>s</sub>)/v
  • C f<sub>obs</sub> = fv/(v-v<sub>s</sub>)
  • D f<sub>obs</sub> = fv/(v+v<sub>s</sub>)

Correct answer: C. f<sub>obs</sub> = fv/(v-v<sub>s</sub>)

Explanation: Source moves toward observer: f<sub>obs</sub> = f x v/(v - v<sub>s</sub>). Denominator decreases, so observed frequency increases.

Standing Wave: Nodes and Antinodes (Open Pipe, 2nd Harmonic)nodenodenodeantinodeantinodeSolid and dashed lines show the string/air column at two instants - nodes never move

A standing wave forms from two identical waves travelling in opposite directions and interfering; nodes (always zero displacement) and antinodes (maximum displacement) stay fixed in place, unlike a travelling wave where the whole pattern moves.

Concept context

Wave types, superposition, standing waves, Doppler effect, and sound intensity.

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