Answer: Antinodes form slightly outside the open end.
- A Speed changes at the end in typical laboratory settings
- B Antinodes form slightly outside the open end
- C Temperature is different at the end under usual circumstances
- D Reflection is not perfect according to most researchers
Correct answer: B. Antinodes form slightly outside the open end
Explanation: In an open pipe, the antinode forms slightly outside the opening. End correction (approximately 0.6r) accounts for this.
A standing wave forms from two identical waves travelling in opposite directions and interfering; nodes (always zero displacement) and antinodes (maximum displacement) stay fixed in place, unlike a travelling wave where the whole pattern moves.
Concept context
Wave types, superposition, standing waves, Doppler effect, and sound intensity.