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⚛️ Physics  ·  Thermodynamics  ·  NEET & JEE

Work done by an ideal gas in an isobaric expansion from V<sub>1</sub> to V<sub>2</sub> at pressure P:

Answer: P(V 2 -V 1 ).

  • A P(V<sub>2</sub>-V<sub>1</sub>)
  • B (V<sub>2</sub>-V<sub>1</sub>)/P
  • C P(V<sub>2</sub>+V<sub>1</sub>)
  • D PV<sub>2</sub>/V<sub>1</sub>

Correct answer: A. P(V<sub>2</sub>-V<sub>1</sub>)

Explanation: W = P x delta V = P(V<sub>2</sub> - V<sub>1</sub>) for isobaric (constant pressure) process.

Carnot Cycle (P-V Diagram)VP1→2: isothermal expansion (T_H)2→3: adiabatic expansion3→4: isothermal compression (T_C)4→1: adiabatic compression1234Net work done by the gas = area enclosed by the loop 1→2→3→4→1

The Carnot cycle alternates two isothermal steps (heat absorbed at TH, released at TC) with two adiabatic steps (no heat exchange); the enclosed loop area equals the net work output, and η = 1−TC/TH is the maximum possible efficiency between those two temperatures.

Concept context

Laws of thermodynamics, heat engines, entropy, and gas processes.

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