Answer: PV = nRT.
- A PV = nRT
- B PV = RT
- C P/T = constant
- D V/T = constant
Correct answer: A. PV = nRT
Explanation: PV = nRT is the ideal gas equation. n = number of moles, R = 8.314 J/(mol K).
The Carnot cycle alternates two isothermal steps (heat absorbed at TH, released at TC) with two adiabatic steps (no heat exchange); the enclosed loop area equals the net work output, and η = 1−TC/TH is the maximum possible efficiency between those two temperatures.
Concept context
Laws of thermodynamics, heat engines, entropy, and gas processes.