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⚛️ Physics  ·  Thermodynamics  ·  NEET & JEE

A refrigerator works on which principle?

Answer: Moves heat from cold to hot body using work input.

  • A Converts heat completely to work with no external input
  • B Moves heat from cold to hot body using work input
  • C Permanently destroys heat energy via friction in the compressor
  • D Creates a cold region from nothing, violating energy conservation

Correct answer: B. Moves heat from cold to hot body using work input

Explanation: Refrigerator: uses work input to transfer heat from cold body (inside) to hot body (surroundings). It is a heat pump.

Carnot Cycle (P-V Diagram)VP1→2: isothermal expansion (T_H)2→3: adiabatic expansion3→4: isothermal compression (T_C)4→1: adiabatic compression1234Net work done by the gas = area enclosed by the loop 1→2→3→4→1

The Carnot cycle alternates two isothermal steps (heat absorbed at TH, released at TC) with two adiabatic steps (no heat exchange); the enclosed loop area equals the net work output, and η = 1−TC/TH is the maximum possible efficiency between those two temperatures.

Concept context

Laws of thermodynamics, heat engines, entropy, and gas processes.

Read the full Thermodynamics notes →