Answer: Latent heat of vaporization released during condensation.
- A The unusually high specific heat capacity of steam compared to water
- B Latent heat of vaporization released during condensation
- C The high temperature of the steam by itself, with no phase change
- D The relatively low density of steam compared to liquid water
Correct answer: B. Latent heat of vaporization released during condensation
Explanation: When steam condenses to water at 100°C, it releases a large amount of latent heat of vaporization (2256 kJ/kg), which is much greater than what sensible heat alone would provide.
During a phase change (melting or boiling), temperature stays constant while heat is absorbed entirely as latent heat (Q=mL); temperature only rises again once the substance is fully in its new phase.
Concept context
Temperature scales, thermal expansion, calorimetry, and the three modes of heat transfer including radiation laws.