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⚛️ Physics  ·  Moving Charges and Magnetism  ·  NEET & JEE

A long straight wire carrying current I<sub>1</sub> = 5 A is placed parallel to another wire carrying current I<sub>2</sub> = 10 A, 0.05 m apart, with currents in opposite directions. The force per unit length between the wires is approximately, and its nature is:

Answer: 2 × 10⁻⁴ N/m, repulsive.

  • A 2 × 10⁻⁴ N/m, attractive
  • B 1 × 10⁻⁴ N/m, repulsive
  • C 4 × 10⁻⁴ N/m, attractive
  • D 2 × 10⁻⁴ N/m, repulsive

Correct answer: D. 2 × 10⁻⁴ N/m, repulsive

Explanation: Force per unit length = μ0 I<sub>1</sub> I<sub>2</sub>/(2π d) = (4π×10⁻⁷ × 5 × 10)/(2π × 0.05) = 2×10⁻⁴ N/m; currents in opposite directions repel each other.

Magnetic Field Lines Around a Straight WireIfield forms concentric circles around the wire (right-hand rule)

The magnetic field around a long straight current-carrying wire forms concentric circles, with direction given by the right-hand rule (point thumb along I, fingers curl in the direction of B).

Concept context

Magnetic force on moving charges and currents, the Biot-Savart law, Ampere's law, and the cyclotron - how electric currents create and respond to magnetic fields.

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