Zaymiey

📐 Mathematics  ·  Principle of Mathematical Induction  ·  JEE

By induction, the sum 1·1! + 2·2! + ... + n·n! equals:

Answer: (n + 1)! − 1.

  • A n!
  • B (n + 1)! − 1
  • C (n + 1)!
  • D n!·n

Correct answer: B. (n + 1)! − 1

Explanation: Since k·k! = (k+1)! − k!, the sum telescopes to (n + 1)! − 1.

Induction as a Domino ChainP(1): base case fallsP(k) knocks down P(k+1)...and so on, foreverBase case = first domino tipped; inductive step = each domino guaranteed to tip the next one

Mathematical induction works like a row of dominoes: proving the base case P(1) tips the first domino, and proving the inductive step (P(k) ⟹ P(k+1)) guarantees each domino knocks over the next - together these two facts guarantee ALL dominoes fall, without checking each one individually.

Concept context

A proof technique used to establish that a statement is true for every natural number, using a base case and an inductive step.

Read the full Principle of Mathematical Induction notes →