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When NaCl is doped with 10<sup>-3</sup> mol% of SrCl<sub>2</sub>, the number of cation vacancies per mole of NaCl is (N<sub>A</sub> = 6.022 x 10<sup>23</sup>):

Answer: 6.022 x 10 18.

  • A 6.022 x 10<sup>16</sup>
  • B 6.022 x 10<sup>20</sup>
  • C 6.022 x 10<sup>18</sup>
  • D 1.2 x 10<sup>19</sup>

Correct answer: C. 6.022 x 10<sup>18</sup>

Explanation: Each Sr<sup>2+</sup> replaces two Na<sup>+</sup> but occupies one site, creating one vacancy. 10<sup>-3</sup> mol% = 10<sup>-5</sup> mol, so vacancies = 10<sup>-5</sup> x N<sub>A</sub> = 6.022 x 10<sup>18</sup>.

Cubic Unit Cells: Atom PositionsSimple CubicCN=6, 52.4% packedBody-Centred (BCC)CN=8, 68% packedFace-Centred (FCC)CN=12, 74% packed (densest)Corner atoms (shared by 8 cells) shown lighter; body/face-centre atoms shown solid

The three cubic unit cells: Simple Cubic has atoms only at corners; Body-Centred adds one atom at the centre; Face-Centred adds one atom at the centre of each of the 6 faces, giving the highest packing efficiency.

Concept context

Explore the ordered world of crystalline solids: unit cells, packing, defects, and how structure determines electrical and magnetic properties.

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