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🧪 Chemistry  ·  Environmental Chemistry  ·  NEET & JEE

Which international agreement was designed specifically to protect the ozone layer?

Answer: Montreal Protocol.

  • A Kyoto Protocol
  • B Montreal Protocol
  • C Paris Agreement
  • D Geneva Convention

Correct answer: B. Montreal Protocol

Explanation: The 1987 Montreal Protocol phased out ozone-depleting substances such as CFCs.

Classical (London) SmogSources: coal burningSO₂ + particulates + fogReducing typeConditions: cold, humid,early morning, winterVisibility: very low (fog)London, 1952 - ~4000 deathsHarms: eyes, lungs, bronchitisPhotochemical (LA) SmogSources: vehicles, industriesNOx + hydrocarbons + UVOxidising typeConditions: warm, sunny,afternoon, summerProducts: O₃, PAN, acroleinLos Angeles (common in cities)Harms: eyes, rubber cracking

Classical smog is a reducing mixture of SO₂ and fog, while photochemical smog is an oxidising mixture generated by UV-driven reactions of NOx and hydrocarbons.

Concept context

Understand how human activities alter the atmosphere, water, and soil. Covers air pollutants, smog types, ozone depletion, acid rain, greenhouse effect, water and soil pollution, and the principles of green chemistry.

Read the full Environmental Chemistry notes →