Answer: highly branched.
- A straight
- B highly branched
- C absent
- D made only of oxygen
Correct answer: B. highly branched
Explanation: Branched chains resist breakdown by microorganisms, so such detergents persist and foam in water bodies.
The hydrophobic hydrocarbon tail of each soap/detergent molecule dissolves into an oily dirt droplet, while the hydrophilic (ionic) head stays in the surrounding water - trapping the grease inside a micelle that rinses away with water.
Concept context
Drugs and how they interact with biological targets, chemicals in food, and cleansing agents (soaps and detergents) - chemistry applied directly to daily life and healthcare.