Answer: p-Nitroacetanilide (para-isomer predominates).
- A p-Nitroacetanilide (para-isomer predominates)
- B o-Nitroacetanilide formed as the major product due to steric bulk
- C m-Nitroacetanilide, since the acetamido group is a meta director
- D 2,4-Dinitroacetanilide formed from double nitration under mild conditions
Correct answer: A. p-Nitroacetanilide (para-isomer predominates)
Explanation: The acetamido group is an ortho/para director; para-product predominates due to steric reasons.
In aniline, the nitrogen's lone pair is pulled into the benzene ring through resonance, leaving less electron density available to accept a proton - which is why aniline is a much weaker base than methylamine, where the lone pair is fully available.
Concept context
Nitrogen-containing organic compounds. Covers classification (primary, secondary, tertiary), basicity comparison, preparation methods, and reactions including diazotization and coupling, key for understanding dyes and pharmaceuticals.