Answer: Fungus Penicillium.
- A Bacterium Bacillus
- B Fungus Penicillium
- C Red alga Gracilaria
- D Cyanobacterium Nostoc
Correct answer: B. Fungus Penicillium
Explanation: Penicillin is produced by the fungus Penicillium notatum (now P. chrysogenum). Alexander Fleming discovered it in 1928. It is a beta-lactam antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis.
Plants evolved from water-dependent algae through increasingly land-adapted groups, gaining vascular tissue (Pteridophyta), then seeds (Gymnosperms), and finally fruit-enclosed seeds (Angiosperms) - each step reducing dependence on water for reproduction.
Concept context
Classification of plants from algae to angiosperms. Understanding plant diversity is essential for NEET.