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🔬 Biology  ·  Plant Kingdom  ·  NEET

Penicillin is produced by which organism?

Answer: Fungus Penicillium.

  • A Bacterium Bacillus
  • B Fungus Penicillium
  • C Red alga Gracilaria
  • D Cyanobacterium Nostoc

Correct answer: B. Fungus Penicillium

Explanation: Penicillin is produced by the fungus Penicillium notatum (now P. chrysogenum). Alexander Fleming discovered it in 1928. It is a beta-lactam antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis.

Plant Kingdom: Increasing ComplexityAlgaeno roots/leavesBryophyta"amphibians"no vascular tissuePteridophytafirst vascularno seedsGymno-spermsnaked seedsAngio-spermsseeds in fruitNeed for external water decreases left→right; seed enclosure only appears in angiosperms

Plants evolved from water-dependent algae through increasingly land-adapted groups, gaining vascular tissue (Pteridophyta), then seeds (Gymnosperms), and finally fruit-enclosed seeds (Angiosperms) - each step reducing dependence on water for reproduction.

Concept context

Classification of plants from algae to angiosperms. Understanding plant diversity is essential for NEET.

Read the full Plant Kingdom notes →