Answer: Cycas and Ginkgo.
- A Cycas and Ginkgo
- B Grasses and cereals
- C Peas and beans
- D The sunflower family
Correct answer: A. Cycas and Ginkgo
Explanation: Cycas and Ginkgo are the only seed plants that still produce flagellated, motile sperm - a primitive feature linking them to lower plants.
Plants evolved from water-dependent algae through increasingly land-adapted groups, gaining vascular tissue (Pteridophyta), then seeds (Gymnosperms), and finally fruit-enclosed seeds (Angiosperms) - each step reducing dependence on water for reproduction.
Concept context
Classification of plants from algae to angiosperms. Understanding plant diversity is essential for NEET.