Answer: Cells derived from meristems mature to perform specific functions.
- A Mature cells revert back to a dividing meristematic state
- B Cells derived from meristems mature to perform specific functions
- C Plant organs increase only in number, not in specialization
- D Cells divide repeatedly without any change in structure
Correct answer: B. Cells derived from meristems mature to perform specific functions
Explanation: Differentiation is the process by which cells produced by meristems undergo structural and functional changes to become specialized for a particular role, such as forming xylem or phloem.
Geometric growth (where both daughter cells keep dividing) produces this classic S-shaped curve: a slow lag phase, a rapid exponential phase, and a levelling-off stationary phase as nutrients or space become limiting - the same fundamental pattern seen in population growth.
Concept context
Phases of plant growth, the five classical plant hormones plus newer ones, photoperiodism, vernalization, and seed dormancy.