Answer: Sexual deceit by the orchid.
- A Amensalism with the bee
- B Mutual nutrition exchange
- C Sexual deceit by the orchid
- D Parasitism of the bee
Correct answer: C. Sexual deceit by the orchid
Explanation: Ophrys petals mimic a female bee so the male bee attempts pseudocopulation, transferring pollen; this is sexual deceit, not a reward-based mutualism.
Exponential growth produces an ever-steepening J-curve with no limit, an unrealistic long-term model; logistic growth produces an S-curve that levels off at the carrying capacity K, as growth rate (K−N)/K shrinks to zero once resources are fully used.
Concept context
How organisms interact with abiotic factors and respond to stress, plus population attributes, growth models, and interspecific interactions such as predation, competition, and mutualism.