Answer: Internal forward models: comparing efference copy (predicted movement) with sensory feedback to compute error signals, adjusting motor output.
- A Direct motor commands transmitted straight from the cerebellum to skeletal muscle fibres, largely bypassing the spinal cord pathway overall
- B Internal forward models: comparing efference copy (predicted movement) with sensory feedback to compute error signals, adjusting motor output
- C Long-term storage of most movement sequence the organism has ever previously learned throughout its entire lifetime span in most cases under typical conditions
- D Visual input alone, largely without much use of any proprioceptive or vestibular motor feedback signal present according to standard textbooks
Correct answer: B. Internal forward models: comparing efference copy (predicted movement) with sensory feedback to compute error signals, adjusting motor output
Explanation: Cerebellum contains internal models of body mechanics. Parallel fibers carry sensory state; climbing fibers from inferior olive carry error signals. Plasticity at Purkinje cell synapses fine-tunes movement.
Structure of a neuron. Image: LadyofHats (Mariana Ruiz), Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
Concept context
Brain, spinal cord, neurons, reflex arcs, and sense organs.