Answer: Bacterial genes do not have introns and transcription/translation are not separated by a nuclear membrane.
- A Bacterial cells are understood to largely lack ribosomes needed for translating any mRNA transcript
- B Bacterial genes do not have introns and transcription/translation are not separated by a nuclear membrane
- C Eukaryotic mRNA transcripts are understood to rarely require any start codon before translation begins
- D Bacterial RNA polymerase is understood to synthesise mainly tRNA molecules, rarely any mRNA transcripts
Correct answer: B. Bacterial genes do not have introns and transcription/translation are not separated by a nuclear membrane
Explanation: Bacterial (prokaryotic) genes typically lack introns and translation can begin even before transcription is complete since there is no nuclear membrane separating the processes, so extensive processing like splicing is not required as in eukaryotes.
Helicase unwinds the double helix at the replication fork; one new strand (leading) is synthesised continuously toward the fork, while the other (lagging) must be made in short, separate Okazaki fragments because DNA polymerase only adds nucleotides 5'→3'.
Concept context
DNA structure, replication, transcription, translation, the genetic code, and gene regulation (lac operon). The single most important chapter for NEET molecular biology.