Answer: A single RNA polymerase, with the help of factors like sigma and rho, catalyses transcription of all RNA types.
- A Three largely separate RNA polymerase enzymes transcribe rRNA, tRNA, and mRNA respectively in bacterial cells
- B A single RNA polymerase, with the help of factors like sigma and rho, catalyses transcription of all RNA types
- C RNA polymerase in bacteria highly requires a short RNA or DNA primer in order to begin transcription
- D RNA polymerase in bacterial cells is understood to synthesise new RNA strands in the 3 prime to 5 prime direction
Correct answer: B. A single RNA polymerase, with the help of factors like sigma and rho, catalyses transcription of all RNA types
Explanation: In bacteria, unlike eukaryotes, a single RNA polymerase catalyses transcription of mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA; sigma factor helps with initiation and rho factor helps with termination.
Helicase unwinds the double helix at the replication fork; one new strand (leading) is synthesised continuously toward the fork, while the other (lagging) must be made in short, separate Okazaki fragments because DNA polymerase only adds nucleotides 5'→3'.
Concept context
DNA structure, replication, transcription, translation, the genetic code, and gene regulation (lac operon). The single most important chapter for NEET molecular biology.