Answer: Diabetes mellitus (Type 1).
- A Goitre from iodine deficiency
- B Diabetes mellitus (Type 1)
- C Rickets from vitamin D lack
- D Anaemia from iron deficiency
Correct answer: B. Diabetes mellitus (Type 1)
Explanation: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is caused by destruction of pancreatic beta cells, leading to insulin deficiency. Without insulin, glucose cannot enter cells, causing hyperglycaemia. Type 2 diabetes involves insulin resistance.
The Plasmodium parasite needs both hosts: the female Anopheles mosquito injects sporozoites while biting (infecting the human liver and RBCs, causing the malaria fever cycle), then picks up gametocytes from an infected person's blood, completing the parasite's sexual stage inside the mosquito.
Concept context
Pathogens, infectious diseases, non-infectious diseases, drugs, cancer, and public health. High NEET importance.