Answer: Kidney.
- A Liver
- B Urinary bladder
- C Kidney
- D Pancreas
Correct answer: C. Kidney
Explanation: Humans have a pair of bean-shaped kidneys located on either side of the vertebral column, behind the peritoneum, that filter blood and form urine.
Filtrate flows through four functionally distinct stages of the nephron: Bowman's capsule filters blood, the PCT reabsorbs most useful substances unconditionally, the Loop of Henle builds a concentration gradient via counter-current exchange, the DCT secretes selected substances, and the collecting duct performs the final ADH-controlled water reabsorption.
Concept context
Nitrogenous waste, kidney structure, urine formation in the nephron, and hormonal regulation of excretion.
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