Answer: Maintain ionic and acid-base balance by adding H+ and K+ to the filtrate.
- A Filter plasma proteins out of the blood at Bowman's capsule in general clinical practice
- B Maintain ionic and acid-base balance by adding H+ and K+ to the filtrate
- C Concentrate filtrate as it enters Bowman's capsule in most reference accounts
- D Reabsorb filtered glucose back into the peritubular blood as frequently documented
Correct answer: B. Maintain ionic and acid-base balance by adding H+ and K+ to the filtrate
Explanation: Tubular secretion moves substances such as H+, K+ and ammonia from peritubular capillaries into the filtrate, helping maintain ionic and acid-base balance.
Filtrate flows through four functionally distinct stages of the nephron: Bowman's capsule filters blood, the PCT reabsorbs most useful substances unconditionally, the Loop of Henle builds a concentration gradient via counter-current exchange, the DCT secretes selected substances, and the collecting duct performs the final ADH-controlled water reabsorption.
Concept context
Nitrogenous waste, kidney structure, urine formation in the nephron, and hormonal regulation of excretion.
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