Answer: A famous Indian environmental movement (1973, Uttarakhand) where villagers (mainly women) embraced trees to prevent logging; led to forest conservation policies.
- A A nationwide government campaign that was specifically organized decades ago to reduce industrial air pollution levels in major Indian cities during normal conditions
- B A famous Indian environmental movement (1973, Uttarakhand) where villagers (mainly women) embraced trees to prevent logging; led to forest conservation policies
- C A rural development initiative that focused mainly on promoting rainwater harvesting techniques across drought-prone regions of India as generally observed
- D A government-sponsored movement that specifically promoted solar energy adoption across remote rural villages throughout the country in typical laboratory settings
Correct answer: B. A famous Indian environmental movement (1973, Uttarakhand) where villagers (mainly women) embraced trees to prevent logging; led to forest conservation policies
Explanation: Chipko Movement (1973, Uttarakhand, India): villagers, led by Gaura Devi and inspired by Sunderlal Bahuguna, embraced trees ('chipko' = to hug/cling) to prevent commercial logging. Spread across India. Led to 15-year ban on commercial felling in Himalayan forests. Inspired global tree-hugging conservation movements.
Sunlight passes through the atmosphere and warms the surface; the surface re-radiates this energy as infrared heat, which greenhouse gases (CO₂, CH₄, water vapour) absorb and trap - a naturally beneficial process that intensifies into global warming as gas concentrations rise from human activity.
Concept context
Pollution, global warming, ozone depletion, deforestation, and sustainability. Important for NEET and general awareness.