Answer: Orally ingested drugs being metabolized by the gut wall and liver before reaching systemic circulation, reducing bioavailability.
- A The liver filtering nitrogenous waste products out of the blood before that blood ever reaches the kidneys for excretion
- B Orally ingested drugs being metabolized by the gut wall and liver before reaching systemic circulation, reducing bioavailability
- C Gradual drug accumulation occurring within hepatocytes specifically caused by an unusually slow rate of biliary clearance
- D Hepatic synthesis of various plasma proteins that happen to structurally resemble certain pharmaceutical drug compounds
Correct answer: B. Orally ingested drugs being metabolized by the gut wall and liver before reaching systemic circulation, reducing bioavailability
Explanation: First-pass metabolism: drugs absorbed from intestine enter portal circulation, passing through liver before reaching systemic circulation. Liver enzymes (CYP450) metabolize the drug, often significantly reducing bioavailability.
The human digestive system. Image: LadyofHats (Mariana Ruiz), Public Domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
Concept context
The digestive tract, digestive enzymes, hormonal control of digestion, and liver function. High NEET weightage.